Clear Money Guide
Compare the state landscape
Jump to the rules, exceptions and state-level evidence.
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Updated August 13, 2026. Quick answer: almost every state offers senior homeowners something, but the programmes are not interchangeable and the differences decide how much you actually save. There are four types — a freeze holds your assessment or bill flat, an exemption cuts the taxable value, a circuit-breaker refunds based on income, and a deferral merely postpones the bill and usually secures it against your house. 20 of the states below run a deferral, and that is the column to read first.
What each state runs
Classification is the durable fact and it is what this table is for; the dollar thresholds behind it move most years and live on the state pages, each labelled with the year we confirmed it.
| State | Programme type(s) | Deferral creates a lien? |
|---|---|---|
| Alabama | Freeze, Exemption | No |
| Alaska | Exemption | No |
| Arizona | Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Arkansas | Freeze | No |
| California | Deferral | Yes |
| Colorado | Exemption, Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
| Connecticut | Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Delaware | Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| District of Columbia | Freeze, Exemption, Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
| Florida | Exemption, Deferral | Yes |
| Georgia | Exemption, Deferral | Defers, income capped at $15,000 full tax-lien priority; a mortgage clause banning the deferral is void by statute |
| Hawaii | Exemption, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Idaho | Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
| Illinois | Freeze, Exemption, Deferral | Yes |
| Indiana | Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Iowa | Exemption, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Kansas | Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Kentucky | Exemption | No |
| Louisiana | Freeze | No |
| Maine | Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
| Maryland | Exemption, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Massachusetts | Exemption, Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
| Michigan | Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Defers, but no lien a due-date extension, not a charge on the home |
| Minnesota | Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
| Mississippi | Exemption | No |
| Missouri | Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Montana | Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Nebraska | Exemption | No |
| Nevada | None keyed to age | n/a |
| New Hampshire | Exemption, Deferral | Yes |
| New Jersey | Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| New Mexico | Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
| New York | Exemption, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| North Carolina | Exemption, Deferral | Yes |
| North Dakota | Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Ohio | Exemption | No |
| Oklahoma | Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Oregon | Deferral | Yes |
| Pennsylvania | Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Defers only the year-over-year increase county opt-in; full ordinary tax lien, no mortgage carve-out |
| Rhode Island | Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| South Carolina | Exemption | No |
| South Dakota | Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
| Tennessee | Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Defers at 10% interest, municipal opt-in city council may raise the income cap to $25,000 by 2/3 vote |
| Texas | Freeze, Exemption, Deferral | Yes |
| Utah | Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Vermont | Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Virginia | Exemption, Deferral | Yes |
| Washington | Exemption, Deferral | Yes |
| West Virginia | Exemption, Circuit-breaker credit | No |
| Wisconsin | Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
| Wyoming | Exemption, Circuit-breaker credit, Deferral | Yes |
The state we could not verify, now verified
Nevada was the one state this table carried no classification for, because we had not reached a primary source. We have now read the current text of Nevada’s property-tax chapter, and the finding is a real one rather than a gap: the exemptions in NRS 361.060 to 361.157 are for veterans, surviving spouses, blind persons and organisations, and none of them is keyed to age. Nevada is in the table above with that finding, and its page covers the 3% cap that a Nevada homeowner does have. Every jurisdiction in the table below now has a page behind it, with its thresholds read from that state’s own statute or revenue department and dated on the page.
Oklahoma, corrected 13 August 2026 and amended the same day. This table first classified Oklahoma as running a freeze and an exemption. The exemption finding was withdrawn, correctly — but the correction then went too far, and said Oklahoma runs a freeze and nothing else. Two things are true at once. The additional homestead exemption at 68 O.S. § 2890 is not a senior programme: it turns on gross household income of $20,000 or less and names no age requirement at all, and the only thing age changes is subsection D, which excuses an already-qualified claimant aged 65 or over from filing again each year. But Oklahoma does run a second age-keyed programme, about twenty-five pages further into the same statute than the sections read the first time. 68 O.S. §§ 2904-2911 give a head of household who is 65 or older or totally disabled, with gross household income of $12,000 or less, a claim for the property tax paid above 1% of household income, capped at $200 and paid out as a refund under § 2911 where there is no income-tax liability to set it against. It is claimed on Form 538-H. The row now reads “Freeze, Circuit-breaker credit”, and the Oklahoma page sets out all of it. Read at Title 68 of the Oklahoma Statutes, §§ 2889, 2890, 2890.1 and 2904-2911, and at Form 538-H, on 13 August 2026.
The circuit-breaker column, re-audited 13 August 2026. Getting Oklahoma wrong was a reason to distrust the whole column, so every state this table did not classify as running a circuit-breaker credit was re-checked. Six rows were wrong, and all six are corrected above: Arizona (Form 140PTC), Colorado (the PTC rebate), the District of Columbia (Schedule H), New Mexico (Form PIT-RC), New York (Form IT-214) and Oklahoma (Form 538-H) each run a credit or rebate against property tax that is decided by income. Each was read this session at that state’s own statute, tax form or revenue department, and each is now set out on that state’s page. The cause was the same every time: the row had been built from one source per state, and that source was usually the assessor-side exemption page, which has no reason to mention a credit you claim on your income-tax return. One candidate is unresolved, and is named here rather than guessed at. New Hampshire runs a low-and-moderate-income homeowners property tax relief programme, but the New Hampshire Department of Revenue Administration refused every request we made to it this session and the state statute site would not resolve, so we could not read the terms at source. New Hampshire’s row is left exactly as it was until we can.
Relief programmes reduce a bill you accept. The other route is challenging the assessment itself — the uniformity argument most people never make, where being assessed higher than comparable properties is a ground in itself. ⚠️ The deadline usually runs from the notice, not the bill, and it is the only part that cannot be fixed later.
The distinction that costs people the most
A deferral is not a discount. The tax is still owed; it accrues, it is usually secured against the home, and it typically comes due when the owner dies, sells or moves out. Families discover this when they inherit a house with years of deferred tax attached to it. For a homeowner with no heir relying on the equity it can be a sensible way to free up cash flow. How deferral liens actually work, and what separates the other three types.
For the mechanics rather than the state-by-state amounts — who qualifies, how assessment freezes differ from exemptions, and what an application usually asks for — the national overview of senior property-tax relief covers the shape common to every state.
Before you rely on any of this
- Counties add their own. Statewide programmes are a floor; a great deal of real relief is local, and it is applied for locally.
- Most of these are not automatic. They are applied for, often annually, and missing a filing window usually means losing that year.
- Thresholds are re-legislated constantly. Treat every figure as of its labelled year.
This classification is archived as a citable dataset: DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21780449 (CC BY 4.0). Cite it rather than screenshotting the table — it carries every source URL and the date each was read.
The rest of the state picture: creditor homestead exemptions · state retirement-tax guides · selling the house after 65. Test your own age and income against the bars in this table: senior property tax exemption lookup.
Program classifications and thresholds are read from each state’s own revenue department, comptroller or statute, at the source linked on the state page. Dollar and income thresholds change most years and are labelled with the year we confirmed them — check the current figure with the state or your county before relying on it. General information, not tax advice.
23 of the states above run a genuine lien-secured deferral, not just a freeze, exemption or circuit-breaker: each one now has its own page working through the exact interest rate and whether the lien beats an existing mortgage: Florida, New Mexico, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Illinois, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, North Carolina, Oregon, South Dakota, Texas, Alaska, California, Colorado, District of Columbia, Idaho, Georgia, Pennsylvania and Tennessee.